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title: "10. Say Who Decides What"
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license: "All rights reserved; research use subject to the Use Policy"
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---
# 10. Say Who Decides What
Every church has polity, including a church that says it has none. Someone decides who teaches, who receives money, who may use a room, who can see a record, whose complaint is heard, and whether a leader remains. Informality does not remove power. It makes power harder to name.
The New Testament uses overlapping language for local ministry: presbyteros (elder), episkopos (overseer), poimen (shepherd), and diakonos (servant or deacon). Christian traditions order these offices differently and disagree about ordination, succession, congregational authority, episcopal authority, councils, and which offices may be held by whom. The Blueprint does not erase those disputes. It requires a plant to state its actual polity before pressure reveals an unwritten one.
DDF's governing claim is narrower and load-bearing: ecclesial office is necessary and corruptible mediation. Christ gives gifts and ministries to his body. Created office can carry truth, order, sacrament, care, and correction. Because office is carried by created persons and systems, it can also be bent toward status, concealment, dependency, and self-protection. Faithful polity therefore joins authority to qualification, defined responsibility, plurality or external accountability, records, correction, appeal, and Christ's final headship.
## Write the Authority Map
For every major decision, identify five things:
- Who may propose it?
- Who must be consulted before a decision?
- Who has authority to decide?
- Who records and communicates the decision?
- Who may review, appeal, suspend, or reverse it?
Map at least doctrine, preaching, baptism, Eucharist, membership, discipline, leader appointment and removal, staff employment, budget, debt, property, contracts, benevolence, child and vulnerable-adult safety, allegations, complaints, data access, public statements, emergency action, affiliation, merger, succession, and closure.
Use the actual office titles of the tradition. Function comes first in the design because the same title can carry different authority across communions. The final document must translate functions into the church's recognized offices and legal body without pretending the distinctions do not matter.
## Reserved and Delegated Decisions
A governing body should reserve decisions that define identity, carry irreversible risk, or require independent judgment. Ministry leaders should receive enough delegated authority to do their work without waiting for a board meeting. Confusion at either extreme creates harm: micromanagement makes every ministry dependent on a small group, while vague delegation lets a leader claim authority after the fact.
For every delegation, state purpose, scope, spending or access limit, reporting frequency, conflicts, records, review date, and what suspends the delegation. Silence is not delegation.
## The Back-Row Rule
An ordinary member should be able to discover how authority works and whether accountable process exists. That does not mean every member reads every protected record. Publish or make readily available the confession, governing document, leadership and appointment process, financial overview, safeguarding and complaint routes, conflict-of-interest rule, discipline and appeal structure, and appropriately aggregated reports.
Protect victim identities, child information, confessions, medical and clinical information, personnel material, raw allegations, and case records through need-to-know access, consent where relevant, current law, and case-specific fairness. Confidentiality can serve truth. Secrecy becomes anti-communion when it conceals power or harm, blocks appeal, retaliates against witnesses, or shields leaders from correction.
## Decision Records
Minutes should record the decision, material reasons, information considered, conflicts declared and managed, dissent where required, owner, date, and review trigger. They should not reproduce protected pastoral detail. A decision log can be simpler than full minutes and often helps a small team remember what it promised.
For high-stakes decisions, add a claim check:
- What exactly are we deciding, and what are we not deciding?
- Which claim types are present---doctrinal, empirical, pastoral, legal, clinical, prudential?
- What evidence supports each?
- Who carries the burden or risk?
- What would make us revisit the decision?
Before you move on. A polity statement, authority map, reserved-decisions schedule, delegation register, publication list, and decision-log template.