Dokumen terkait

• The Treatises of Cyprian

  Cyprian of Carthagemid 3rd century

  Addresses unity, discipline, prayer, and endurance while shaping Latin ecclesial thought under crisis.

• The Refutation of All Heresies

  Hippolytus of Romeearly 3rd century

  Catalogues and critiques competing philosophical and heretical teachings to defend apostolic doctrine.

• Adversus Haereses (Against Heresies)

  Irenaeus of Lyonsc. AD 180

  Refutes gnostic systems, defends apostolic succession and rule of faith, and develops recapitulation in Christ.

• The Apology

  Tertullianc. AD 197

  Defends Christians under Roman suspicion and argues that persecution is unjust, irrational, and morally inconsistent.

• Against Celsus

  Origenc. AD 248

  A detailed response to pagan criticism, combining biblical exegesis, philosophical reasoning, and theological defense.

• Treatise Concerning the Trinity

  Novatianmid 3rd century

  Offers a pre-Nicene defense of the Father, Son, and Spirit in continuity with scriptural monotheism.

• De Principiis (On First Principles)

  Origenc. AD 220

  One of the earliest large-scale Christian theological systems, addressing God, creation, scripture, freedom, and final restoration.

• Exhortation to the Heathen

  Clement of Alexandrialate 2nd century

  Invites pagans to abandon idolatry and receive Christ the Logos as the true teacher and healer of humanity.