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  "title": "Fragments",
  "author": "Papias of Hierapolis",
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    "content": "XXXIX. Ἡ μὲν οὖν τοῦ Κλήμεντος ὁμολογουμένη\n\nγραφὴ πρόδηλος, εἴρηται δὲ καὶ τὰ Ἰγνατίου\nκαὶ Πολυκάρπου· τοῦ δὲ Παπία συγγράμματα\nπέντε τὸν ἀριθμὸν φέρεται, ἃ καὶ ἐπιγέγραπται\nΛογίων κυριακῶν ἐξηγήσεως. τούτων καὶ Εἱρηναῖος\nὡς μόνων αὐτῷ γραφέντων μνημονεύει,\nὧδέ πως λέγων· “ ταῦτα δὲ καὶ Παπίας ὁ Ἰωάννου\nμὲν ἀκουστής, Πολυκάρπου δὲ ἑταῖρος γεγονώς,\nἀρχαῖος ἀνήρ, ἐγγράφως ἐπιμαρτυρεῖ ἐν τῇ τετάρτῃ\nἑαυτοῦ βιβλίων. ἔστιν γὰρ αὐτῷ\nπέντε βιβλία συντεταγμένα.” καὶ ὁ μὲν Εἰρήναιος\n\nταῦτα· αὐτός γε μὴν ὁ Παπίας κατὰ τὸ προοίμιον\nτῶν αὐτοῦ λόγων ἀκροατὴν μὲν καὶ αὐτόπτην\nοὐδαμῶς ἑαυτὸν γενέσθαι τῶν ἱερῶν ἀποστόλων\nἐμφαίνει, παρειληφέναι δὲ τὰ τῆς πίστεως παρὰ\nτῶν ἐκείνοις γνωρίμων διδάσκει δι’ ὧν φησιν\nλέξεων· “ “οὐκ ὀκνήσω δέ ἀοῖ καὶ ὅσα ποτὲ παρὰ\n\nτῶν πρεσβυτέρων καλῶς ἔμαθον καὶ καλῶς ἐμνημόνευσα,\nσυγκατατάξαι ταῖς ἑρμηνείαις, διαβεβαιούμενος\nὑπὲρ αὐτῶν ἀλήθειαν. οὐ γὰρ τοῖς\nτὰ πολλὰ λέγουσιν ἔχαιρον ὥσπερ οἱ πολλοί,\nἀλλὰ τοῖς τἀληθῆ διδάσκουσιν, οὐδὲ τοῖς τὰς\n\nἀλλοτρίας ἐντολὰς μνημονεύουσιν , ἀλλὰ τοῖς τὰς\nπαρὰ τοῦ κυρίου τῆ πίστει δεδομένας καὶ ἀπ’\nαὐτῆς παραγινομένας τῆς ἀληθείας· εἰ δέ που\nκαὶ παρηκολουθηκώς τις τοῖς πρεσβυτέροις ἔλθοι,\nτοὺς τῶν πρεσβυτέρων ἀνέκρινον λόγους, τί\nἈνδρέας ἢ τί Πέτρος εἶπεν ἢ τί Φίλιππος ἢ τί\nΘωμᾶς ἢ Ἰάκωβος ἢ τί Ἰωάννης ἢ Ματθαῖος\nἤ τις ἕτερος τῶν τοῦ κυρίου μαθητῶν ἅ τε Ἀριστίων\nκαὶ ὁ πρεσβύτερος Ἰωάννης, τοῦ κυρίου\nμαθηταί, λέγουσιν. οὐ γὰρ τὰ ἐκ τῶν βιβλίων\nτοσοῦτόν με ὠφελεῖν ὑπελάμβανον δάον τὰ παρὰ\nζώσης φωνῆς καὶ μενούσης.”\n\nἜνθα καὶ ἐπιστῆσαι ἄξιον δὶς καθαρθμιοῦντι\nαὐτῷ τὸ Ἰωάννου ὄνομα, ὧν τὸν μὲν πρότερον\nΠέτρῳ καὶ Ἰακώβῳ καὶ Ματθαίῳ καὶ τοῖς\nλοιποῖς ἀποστόλοις συγκαταλέγει, σαφῶς δηλῶν\nτὸν εὐαγγελιστήν, τὸν δ’ ἕτερον Ἰωάννην, διαστείλας\nτὸν λόγον, ἑτέροις παρὰ τὸν τῶν ἀποστόλων\nἀριθμὸν κατατάσσει, προτάξας αὐτοῦ τὸν Ἀριστίωνα,\nσαφῶς τε αὐτὸν πρεσβύτερον ὀνομάζει·1\nὡς καὶ διὰ τούτων ἀποδείκνυσθαι τὴν ἱστορίαν\nἀληθῆ τῶν δύο κατὰ τὴν Ἀσίαν ὁμωνυμίᾳ κεχρῆσθαι\nεἰρηκότων δύο τε ἐν Ἐφέσω γενέσθαι\nμνήματα καὶ ἑκάτερον Ἰωάννου ἔτι νῦν λέγεσθαι·\nοἷς καὶ ἀναγκαῖον προσέχειν τὸν νοῦν, εἰκὸς γὰρ\nτὸν δεύτερον, εἰ μή τις ἐθέλοι τὸν πρῶτον, τὴν\nἐπ’ ὀνόματος φερομένην Ἰωάννου ἀποκάλυψιν\nἑορακέναι. καὶ ὁ νῦν δὲ ἡμῖν δηλούμενος Παπίας\nτοὺς μὲν τῶν ἀποατόλων λόγους παρὰ τῶν αὐτοῖς\nπαρηκολουθηκότων ὁμολογεῖ παρειληφέναι, Ἀριστίωνος\nδὲ καὶ τοῦ πρεαβυτέρου Ἰωάννου αὐτήκοον\nἑαυτόν φησι γενέσθαι· ὀνομαστὶ γοῦν πολλάκις\n\nαὐτῶν μνημονεύσας ἐν τοῖς αὐτοῦ συγγράμμασιν\nτίθησιν αὐτῶν παραδόαεις. καὶ ταῦτα δ’ ἡμῖν\n\nοὐκ εἰς τὸ ἄχρηστον εἰρήσθω· ἄξιον δὲ ταῖς\nἀποδοθείσαις τοῦ Παπία φωναῖς προσάψαι λέξεις\nἑτέρας αὐτοῦ, δι’ ὧν παράδοξά τινα ἱστορεῖ καὶ\nἄλλα ὡς ἂν ἐκ παραδόσεως εἰς αὐτὸν ἐλθόντα.\nτὸ μὲν οὖν κατὰ τὴν ‘Iεράπολιν Φίλιππον τὸν\n\nἀπόστολον ἅμα ταῖς θυγατράσιν διατρῖψαι διὰ\nτῶν πρόσθεν δεδήλωται· ὡς δὲ κατὰ τοὺς αὐτοὺς\nὁ Παπίας γενόμενος, διήγησιν παρειληφέναι θαυμασίαν\nὑπὸ τῶν τοῦ Φιλίππου θυγατέρων μνημονεύει,\nτὰ νῦν σημειωτέον· νεκροῦ γὰρ ἀνάστασιν\nκατ’ αὐτὸν γεγονυῖαν ἱστορεῖ καὶ αὖ πάλιν ἕτερον\nπαράδοξον περὶ Ἰοῦστον τὸν ἐπικληθέντα Βαρσαβᾶν\nγεγονός, ὡς δηλητήριον φάρμακον ἐμπιόντος\nκαὶ μηδὲν ἀηδὲς διὰ τὴν τοῦ κυρίου χάριν ὑπομείναντος.\nτοῦτον δὲ τὸν Ἰοὺστον μετὰ τὴν τοῦ\n\nσωτῆρος ἀνάληψιν τοὺς ἱεροὺς ἀποστόλους μετὰ\nΜατθία στῆσαί τε καὶ ἐπεύξασθαι ἀντὶ τοῦ προδότου\nἸούδα ἐπὶ τὸν κλῆρον τῆς ἀναπληρώσεως\nτοῦ αὐτῶν ἀριθμοῦ ἡ τῶν Πραξέων ὧδέπως\nἱστορεῖ γραφή· “ “καὶ ἔστησαν δύο, Ἰωσὴφ τὸν\nκαλούμενον Βαρναβᾶν, ὃς ἐπεκλήθη ’Iοῦατος,\nκαὶ Ματθίαν· καὶ προαευξάμενοι εἶπαν.’’ καὶ\n\nἄλλα δὲ ὁ αὐτὸς ὡς ἐκ παραδόσεως ἀγράφου εἰς\nαὐτὸν ἥκοντα παρατέθειται ξένας τέ τινας παραβολὰς\nτοῦ σωτῆρος καὶ διδασκαλίας αὐτοῦ καί\nτινα ἄλλα μυθικώτερα· ἐν οἷς καὶ χιλιάδα τινά\n\nφησιν ἐτῶν ἔσεσθαι μετὰ τὴν ἐκ νεκρῶν ανάστασιν,\nσωματικῶς τῆς χριστοῦ βασιλείας ἐπὶ ταυτησὶ\nτῆς γῆς ὑποστησομένης· ἃ καὶ ἡγοῦμαι τὰς\nἀποστολικὰς παρεκδεξάμενον διηγήσεις ὑπολαβεῖν,\n\nτὰ ἐν ὑποδείγμασι πρὸς αὐτῶν μυστικῶς εἰρημένα\nμὴ συνεορακότα. σφόδρα γάρ τοι σμικρὸς ὢν\n\nτὸν νοῦν, ὡς ἂν ἐκ τῶν αὐτοῦ λόγων τεκμηράμενον\nεἰπεῖν, φαίνεται, πλὴν καὶ τοῖς μετ’\nαὐτὸν πλείστοις ὅσοις τῶν ἐκκλησιαστικῶν τῆς\nὁμοίας αὐτῷ δόξης παραίτιος γέγονεν τὴν\nἀρχαιότητα τἀνδρὸς προβεβλημένοις , ὥσπερ οὖν\nΕἰρηναίῳ καὶ εἴ τις ἄλλος τὰ ὅμοια φρονῶν\nἀναπέφηνεν.\n\nΚαὶ ἄλλας δὲ τῆ ἰδίᾳ γραφῆ παραδίδωσιν Ἀριστίωνος\n\nτοῦ πρόσθεν δεδηλωμένου τῶν τοῦ κυρίου\nλόγων διηγήσεις καὶ τοῦ πρεσβυτέρου Ἰωάννου\nπαραδόσεις· ἐφ’ ἃς τοὺς φιλομαθεῖς ἀναπέμψαντες,\nἀναγκαίως νῦν προσθήσομεν ταῖς προεκτεθείσαις\nαὐτοῦ φωναῖς παράδοσιν ἢν περὶ\nΜάρκου τοῦ τὸ εὐαγγέλιον γεγραφότος ἐκτέθειται\nδιὰ τούτων· ἴ’ καὶ τοῦθ’ ὁ πρεσβύτερος ἔλεγεν·\n\nΜάρκος μὲν ἑρμηνευτὴς Πέτρου γενόμενος, δάα\nἐμνημόνευσεν, ἀκριβῶς ἔγραφεν, οὐ μέντοι τάξει,\nτὰ ὑπὸ τοῦ κυρίου ἢ λεχθέντα ἢ πραχθέντα.\nοὔτε γὰρ ἤκουσεν τοῦ κυρίου οὔτε παρηκολούθησεν\nαὐτῷ, ὕστερον δέ, ὡς ἔφην, Πέτρῳ· ὃς πρὸς\nτὰς χρείας ἐποιεῖτο τὰς διδασκαλίας, ἀλλ’ οὐχ\nὥσπερ σύνταξιν τῶν κυριακῶν ποιούμενος λογίων,\nὥστε οὐδὲν ἥμαρτεν Μάρκος οὕτως ἔνια γραφὰς\nὡς ἀπεμνημόνευσεν. ἑνὸς γὰρ ἐποιήσατο πρόνοιαν,\nτοῦ μηδὲν ὧν ἤκουσεν παραλιπεῖν ἢ ψεύσασθαί\nτι ἐν αὐτοῖς.” ταῦτα μὲν οὖν ἱστόρηται\n\nτῷ Παπίᾳ περὶ τοῦ Μάρκου· περὶ δὲ τοῦ Ματθαίου\nταῦτ’ εἴρηται· “ Ματθαῖος μὲν οὖν Ἑβραίδι διαλέκτῳ\nτὰ λόγια συνετάξατο, ἡρμήνευσεν δ’ αὐτὰ\nὡς ἢν δυνατὸς ἕκαστος.”\n\nΚέχρηται δ’ ὁ αὐτὸς μαρτυρίαις ἀπὸ τῆς Ἰωάννου\n\nπροτέρας ἐπιστολῆς καὶ ἀπὸ τῆς Πέτρου ὁμοίως,\nἐκτέθειται δὲ καὶ ἄλλην ἱστορίαν περὶ γυναικὸς\nἐπὶ πολλαῖς ἁμαρτίαις διαβληθείσης ἐπὶ τοῦ\nκυρίου, ἢν τὸ καθ’ Ἑβραίους εὐαγγέλιον περιέχει.\nκαὶ ταῦτα δ’ ἡμῖν ἀναγκαίως πρὸς τοῖς ἐκτεθεῖσιν\nἐπιτετηρήσθω.\n",
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